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Emergency Medicine Journal 2007;24:739-741; doi:10.1136/emj.2007.048694
© 2007 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and the College of Emergency Medicine.

EMERGENCY CASEBOOKS

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: a cause of severe acute headache

Ram Vaidhyanath, Richard Kenningham, Arshad Khan and Nicholas Messios

Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK

Correspondence to:
Dr Ram Vaidhyanath, Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK; ram.vaidhyanath{at}uhl-tr.nhs.uk

ABSTRACT

Severe acute headache is a common presenting symptom to an accident and emergency department. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an increasingly recognised cause of these symptoms and has characteristic clinical and imaging findings. SIH is characterised by headache worse on standing, low opening cerebrospinal fluid pressures at lumbar puncture and uniform pachymeningeal enhancement with gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, all in the absence of dural trauma. Atypical presentations occur and severe neurological decline can rarely be associated with this condition. A review of five patients presenting recently to our institution with classical imaging findings together with a review of the literature is presented.


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