IMAGES IN EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Tramlines: pneumatosis intestinalis secondary to enterocolitis
1 John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
2 University Department of Paediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
3 Department of Paediatric Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
J Corcoran
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; jpcorcoran@doctors.org.uk
Accepted 16 July 2006
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An 11-month-old boy presented acutely with a 3-day history of fever, vomiting and diarrhoea. A background of recent gastroenteritis among family members was noted. On admission, the patient was lethargic, dehydrated and had tachypnoea; general examination was otherwise unremarkable.
A provisional diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis was made. However, the tachypnoea prompted a venous blood gas examination, showing a metabolic acidosis that persisted despite fluid resuscitation and apparent clinical improvement. Suspecting intussusception, abdominal ultrasound and radiography were requested. The ultrasound was normal, but the plain radiograph (fig 1
) showed the classical "tramlines" of intramural gas.
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[in a new window] Figure 1 The abdominal radiograph shows the classical "tramline" pattern seen in pneumatosis intestinalis, created by gas trapped between layers of the bowel wall and most obvious here in the descending colon.
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Pneumatosis intestinalis is generally viewed with foreboding by clinicians owing to its association with necrotising enterocolitis in neonates. However, outside the neonatal period, pneumatosis intestinalis
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