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A E Frampton, C A Eynon
High dose methylprednisolone in the immediate management of acute, blunt spinal cord injury: what is the current practice in emergency departments, spinal units, and neurosurgical units in the UK?
Emerg Med J 2006; 23: 550-553 [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]
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[Read eLetter] Post-Hoc does not Equal Ad-Hoc
Pilar Laborde Lahoz   (2 October 2006)

Post-Hoc does not Equal Ad-Hoc 2 October 2006
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Pilar Laborde Lahoz,
Internal Medicine Resident
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical center

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Re: Post-Hoc does not Equal Ad-Hoc

plaborde{at}bidmc.harvard.edu Pilar Laborde Lahoz

Dear Editor

Two surveys have been published almost simultaneously in the US (SPINE) and your journal on the consistency with which the high dose methylprednisolone protocols arising out of the NASCIS trials are followed by various professionals in the US and UK. Regrettably, although both surveys reveal that a majority of professionals use steroids, the articles take on a biased and ambiguous tone against the practice. This stance is based on an extremely superficial analysis of alleged flaws in the NASCIS trials. One of those flaws is the fact that a subgroup was identified, and a post- hoc analysis performed. Surely one can analyze real data obtained ethically and professionally so as to identify any trends and subgroups. It is ridiculous to contend that such data should be discarded. Therefore, the post-hoc accusation is not valid when we are talking about the one and only medical treatment available to minimize the devastating effects of this catastrophic injury.

Detractors fail to recognize other studies where steroid use is consistently found to be associated with better outcomes by minimizing secondary injury to the cord, for example by reducing cell apoptosis. The authors in SPINE go as far as to declare that even minimal improvements in neurological recovery can mean huge functional gains for the SCI patient, yet they conclude their paper by suggesting (albeit ambiguously)that physicians should not use steroids, or that they are using them based only on medicolegal concerns.

While some authors and organizations are busy preventing the extension of this already extensive practice, recently contused spinal cords around the world suffer massive damage associated with the inflammatory response. This, in spite of the fact that well known and respected authorities in the field of Spinal Cord Injury loudly and publicly support the use of the steroid protocol. Letīs not forget that, while the evidence in favor is weak to some, the evidence against is nonexistent. Until such a time when new trials demonstrate or fail to demonstrate the accuracy of the NASCIS findings, the steroid protocol should become universal. Thereīs simply too much at stake for the lives of thousands of patients afflicted with this devastating injury. At a minimum, the treatment should be offered to the patient or health proxy within the 8 hour period.

 

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