There is unanimous agreement that there is a need to further improve pre-hospital emergency care (immediate care) training, but strong disagreement that the core activities that define the clinical practice of immediate care have remained unchanged over the past 40 years. In Scotland, and other areas of the UK, the standard and availability of training has increased dramatically in the past 10 years. More recently, there has been a significant improvement in the provision of equipment. As a consequence, a broader range of interventions can be undertaken by a large number of practitioners with more skill, more …