Trauma | Non-trauma |
---|---|
Obvious fracture/dislocation | Referred pain from chest or abdomen |
Open fracture | Ischaemia/vascular problems/suspected DVT |
Severe pain not relieved by simple analgesia | Septic arthritis/invasive soft tissue infections |
Suspected compartment syndrome | “Kids” problems such as slipped epiphysis |
Neurovascular compromise | Neurological deficit, for example, cauda equina syndrome |