Baseline and postreatment variables of patients with final low (<4.0 mmol/l) or high (⩾4.0 mmol/l) lactate levels*
| Variable | Low (n = 14) | High (n = 4) | p | Mean difference (95%CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Data are presented as mean (1 SD). | ||||||||
| Baseline | ||||||||
| Duration of attack prior to ED presentation, h | 71.7 (32.6) | 15.5 (1.3) | 0.01 | 56.2 (18.1 to 94.2) | ||||
| Respiratory rate, breaths/min | 20.5 (3.1) | 21.4 (2.0) | 0.5 | −0.9 (−4.4 to 2.6) | ||||
| Heart rate, beats/min | 92.3 (3.9) | 102.5 (1.3) | 0.005 | −10.2 (−14.4 to −5.9) | ||||
| FEV1,% of predicted | 34.8 (11.1) | 23.0 (1.2) | 0.2 | 11.8 (−0.2 to 23.8) | ||||
| SpO2,% | 96.4 (1.5) | 93.2 (2.6) | 0.03 | 3.2 (1.1 to 5.3) | ||||
| pH | 7.4 (0.0) | 7.3 (0.0) | 0.08 | 0.0 (−0.0 to 0.0) | ||||
| pO2, mm Hg | 80.8 (8.6) | 61.6 (8.9) | 0.009 | 19.2 (8.7 to 29.6) | ||||
| pCO2, mm Hg | 34.8 (2.9) | 39.8 (1.0) | 0.01 | −5.0 (−8.2 to −1.7) | ||||
| HCO3, mmol/l | 22.3 (1.4) | 23.3 (0.5) | 0.2 | −1.0 (−2.5 to 0.5) | ||||
| Na, mmol/l | 138.9 (2.7) | 137.2 (0.5) | 0.2 | 1.7 (−1.2 to 4.6) | ||||
| K, mmol/l | 3.9 (0.2) | 3.4 (0.2) | 0.005 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.6) | ||||
| Cl, mmol/l | 102.0 (3.3) | 100.5 (1.0) | 0.3 | 1.5 (−2.0 to 5.0) | ||||
| Lactate, mmol/l | 1.1 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.2) | 0.4 | −0.2 (−0.7 to 0.3) | ||||
| Final (120 min) | ||||||||
| Respiratory rate, breaths/min | 20.6 (3.2) | 21.2 (2.3) | 0.6 | −0.6 (−4.2 to 3.0) | ||||
| Heart rate, beats/min | 99.0 (8.7) | 109.0 (2.1) | 0.04 | −10.0 (−19.4 to −0.5) | ||||
| FEV1,% of predicted | 70.9 (23.0) | 73.0 (22.6) | 0.7 | −2.1 (−29.6 to 25.4) | ||||
| SpO2,% | 97.2 (1.5) | 98.0 (1.4) | 0.3 | −0.8 (−2.5 to 0.9) | ||||
| pH | 7.4 (0.0) | 7.3 (0.0) | 0.2 | 0.0 (−0.0 to 0.0) | ||||
| pO2, mm Hg | 82.8 (10.2) | 82.3 (10.9) | 0.6 | 0.5 (−11.9 to 12.9) | ||||
| pCO2, mm Hg | 37.0 (3.5) | 38.7 (0.8) | 0.2 | −1.7 (−5.5 to 2.1) | ||||
| HCO3, mmol/l | 22.6 (0.9) | 21.9 (1.2) | 0.2 | 0.7 (−0.4 to 1.8) | ||||
| Na, mmol/l | 142.9 (7.1) | 140.0 (1.4) | 0.2 | 2.9 (−5.6 to 11.4) | ||||
| K, mmol/l | 3.8 (0.5) | 3.2 (0.1) | 0.01 | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.0) | ||||
| Cl, mmol/l | 105.2 (7.6) | 102.2 (0.9) | 0.2 | 3.0 (−5.2 to 11.2) | ||||
| Lactate, mmol/l | 2.0 (0.7) | 6.6 (1.5) | 0.003 | −4.6 (−5.7 to −3.5) | ||||