Emergency Department Trials
| Paper | N/ Type | Group | Intervention | Outcome | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVC, central venous cathetorisation; ED, emergency department; FV, femoral vein; IJ, internal jugular vein; RCT, randomised controlled trial; SC, subclavian vein. | |||||
| Hilty et al2 1997 | 20 patients 40 CVC attempts RCT | Femoral Vein CVC insertion in ED patients in cardiac arrest, by Residents | Time to cannulation | No power calculation | |
| Ultrasound | 121±60 seconds | No blinding | |||
| Landmark | 124.2±69 (p = 0.001) | Small sample size | |||
| Number of attempts | |||||
| Ultrasound | 2.3±3 | ||||
| Landmark | 5±5 (p = 0.0057) | ||||
| Arterial puncture rate | |||||
| Ultrasound | 0/20 | ||||
| Landmark | 4/20 (p = 0.025) | ||||
| Success rate | |||||
| Ultrasound | 90% | ||||
| Landmark | 65% (p = 0.058) | ||||
| Miller et al21 2002 | 122 RCT | ED adult patients requiring CVC (IJ, SC & FV routes) | Time to insertion (skin to blood) | Different approaches (i.e. IJ, SC, FV) used in each group without pairing) | |
| Ultrasound | 115±184 seconds | No blinding | |||
| Landmark | 512±698 (p<0.0001) | ||||
| Number of attempts | |||||
| Ultrasound | 1.55±1 | ||||
| Landmark | 3.54±2.68 (p<0.0001) | ||||
| Complication rate | |||||
| Ultrasound | 14% | ||||
| Landmark | 12% (p = 0.71,NS) | ||||
| Hrics et al22 1998 | 40 Descriptive study/Case series | IJ CVC placement in ED patients | Success rate | Exempt from ethical approval | |
| Realtime ultrasound | 7/8 | Variable ultrasound technique | |||
| Ultrasound marking site | 17/24 | No statistical analysis | |||
| Landmark | 5/8 | No randomisation or controls. | |||