Treatment |
Control | Reference | | |
High-dose methylprednisolone | 1.66 | 1.23 to 2.24 | 0.001 |
Sex |
Male | Reference | | |
Female | 0.57 | 0.38 to 0.86 | 0.007 |
Age |
≤59 | Reference | | |
60–69 | 1.49 | 1.04 to 2.12 | 0.029 |
70–79 | 1.81 | 1.26 to 2.62 | 0.002 |
≥80 | 2.07 | 1.27 to 3.39 | 0.004 |
Charlson Comorbidity Index |
1 | Reference | | |
2 | 1.41 | 1.04 to 1.92 | 0.027 |
≥3 | 1.95 | 1.26 to 3.02 | 0.003 |
Japan Coma Scale at admission |
0 (alert) | Reference | | |
1–3 (drowsy) | 1.51 | 0.99 to 2.31 | 0.059 |
10–30 (somnolence) | 1.75 | 0.74 to 4.09 | 0.200 |
100–300 (coma) | 4.55 | 2.06 to 10.06 | <0.001 |
Cervical spinal surgery | 1.95 | 1.44 to 2.64 | <0.001 |
Hospital volume (per year) | 1.01 | 0.99 to 1.03 | 0.550 |