OR | 95% CI | p Value | |||
Upper | Lower | ||||
ISS(FracPoly) | ISS_1 | 1.14 | 1.09 | 1.21 | 0.000 |
ISS_2 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.003 | |
Age (years) | 16–44 | Ref | |||
45–54 | 1.73 | 1.20 | 2.49 | 0.003 | |
55–64 | 1.92 | 1.31 | 2.82 | 0.001 | |
65–75 | 4.43 | 3.10 | 6.31 | <0.001 | |
>75 | 18.09 | 13.12 | 24.94 | <0.001 | |
Gender | Male | Ref | |||
Female | 1.01 | 0.65 | 1.58 | 0.958 | |
Age/gender interaction | 16–44#Female | Ref | |||
45–54#Female | 0.97 | 0.46 | 2.03 | 0.931 | |
55–64#Female | 1.06 | 0.50 | 2.23 | 0.888 | |
65–75#Female | 1.25 | 0.67 | 2.34 | 0.477 | |
>75#Female | 0.83 | 0.50 | 1.37 | 0.455 | |
GCS | GCS 15 | Ref | |||
GCS 13–14 | 1.89 | 1.49 | 2.38 | <0.001 | |
GCS 9–12 | 3.85 | 2.77 | 5.35 | <0.001 | |
GCS 6–8 | 4.49 | 2.91 | 6.92 | <0.001 | |
GCS 4–5 | 12.66 | 7.84 | 20.44 | <0.001 | |
GCS=3 | 32.66 | 24.61 | 43.35 | <0.001 | |
Intubated | 20.72 | 10.76 | 39.88 | <0.001 | |
Charlson Score | 0 | Ref | |||
1–5 | 1.81 | 1.47 | 2.22 | <0.001 | |
6–10 | 2.47 | 1.83 | 3.32 | <0.001 | |
>10 | 4.51 | 3.11 | 6.54 | <0.001 | |
Not recorded | 3.16 | 2.52 | 3.97 | <0.001 | |
Injury pattern | Isolated chest injury | Ref | |||
Polytrauma | 1.01 | 0.78 | 1.31 | 0.925 | |
Type of rib fracture | Other ribs | Ref | |||
First rib | 0.97 | 0.79 | 1.19 | 0.780 |
AUROC 0.879 (95% CI 0.869 to 0.890).
The age/gender interaction term (Age#Female) refers to the ratio of odds of death between males and females for each age group. Both age/gender interaction and fractional polynomial transformation of ISS were included in the model as these are part of the PS14 model, which was used to calculate adjusted mortality in our sample.
Fracpoly, fractional polynomial transformation; ISS, Injury Severity Score; TARN, UK Trauma Audit and Research Network.