Article Text

Nurse initiated thrombolysis in the accident and emergency department: safe, accurate, and faster than fast track
  1. S M Heath,
  2. R J I Bain,
  3. A Andrews,
  4. S Chida,
  5. S I Kitchen,
  6. M I Walters
  1. Department of Accident and Emergency, Northern Lincolnshire and Goole Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
  1. Correspondence to:
    Dr S Chida, 1A Charles Avenue, Grimsby DN33 2DA, UK;
    sanjeed{at}lineone.net

Abstract

Objective: To reduce the time between arrival at hospital of a patient with acute myocardial infarction and administration of thrombolytic therapy (door to needle time) by the introduction of nurse initiated thrombolysis in the accident and emergency department.

Methods: Two acute chest pain nurse specialists (ACPNS) based in A&E for 62.5 hours of the week were responsible for initiating thrombolysis in the A&E department. The service reverts to a “fast track” system outside of these hours, with the on call medical team prescribing thrombolysis on the coronary care unit. Prospectively gathered data were analysed for a nine month period and a head to head comparison made between the mean and median door to needle times for both systems of thrombolysis delivery.

Results: Data from 91 patients were analysed; 43 (47%) were thrombolysed in A&E by the ACPNS and 48 (53%) were thrombolysed in the coronary care unit by the on call medical team. The ACPNS achieved a median door to needle time of 23 minutes (IQR=17 to 32) compared with 56 minutes (IQR=34 to 79.5) for the fast track. The proportion of patients thrombolysed in 30 minutes by the ACPNS and fast track system was 72% (31 of 43) and 21% (10 of 48) respectively (difference=51%, 95% confidence intervals 34% to 69%, p<0.05).

Conclusion: Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and administration of thrombolysis by experienced cardiology nurses in A&E is a safe and effective strategy for reducing door to needle times, even when compared with a conventional fast track system.

  • acute chest pain nurse specialists
  • thrombolysis
  • door to needle time
  • STEMI, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
  • ACPNS, acute chest pain nurse specialist
  • PGDs, patient group directions

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