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Prehospital end-tidal carbon dioxide differentiates between cardiac and obstructive causes of dyspnoea
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  • Published on: 29 April 2016
    Clinical Examination in place of end-tidal CO2

    Hunter and colleagues gives a good method to distinguish COPD and heart failure in a dyspnoeic patient. May i politely suggest an easier, clinical marker which can help in this distinction?

    This is based on the observation that patient who has prominent, bulging veins has COPD as the predominant cause for the breathlessness compared to the patient with heart failure who has collapsed, thready veins. The therapy...

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    Conflict of Interest:
    None declared.