Rice BT et al, 1983, USA | 8 patients with oseophageal meat impaction | Case series | Passage of the impacted food bolus | Successfully passed in all cases | Patients given barium before the effervescent agent |
Tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate | Complications | No complications |
Campbell N and Sykes P, 1986, UK | 2 patients with oesophageal food impaction | Case reports | Passage of the impacted food bolus | Successfully passed in both cases | Patients given barium before the effervescent agent |
Carbex | Complications | No complications |
Mohammed SH and Hegedus V, 1986, Denmark | 28 patients with impacted oesophageal foreign body | Case series | Passage of the impacted food bolus | 8 resolved by barium alone, 16 resolved by barium and soda 4 not resolved | Patients given barium before the effervescent agent |
Retrospective |
Carbonated soda water | Complications | Laryngeal aspiration of barium in 1 patient | In 1 case the foreign body was a coin |
Zimmers TE et al, 1988, USA | All episodes (26) of oesophageal food impaction treated with effervescent agents over a 4 year period | Case series | Passage of the impacted food bolus | Successfully passed in 17 cases. Unsuccessful in 9 cases | Patients given barium before the effervescent agent |
Tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate | Complications | “Most vomited”Oesophageal tear in 1 patient | Retrospective |
Karanjia ND and Rees M, 1993, UK | 13 episodes (8 patients) requiring endoscopy for oesophageal food impaction | Case series | Presence or absence impacted food in oesophagus at endoscopy | No foreign body seen in 8 of 8 patient events receiving prior treatment with Coca-Cola. Foreign body seen in 5 of 5 patient events receiving no prior treatment | 1 patient given 3 days of Coca-Cola before resolution occurred (after extensive bolus noted at endoscopy)?Selection bias |
Coca-Cola or nothing | Complications | No complications in either group | |
Spinou E et al, 2003, UK | 1 patient with oesophageal meat impaction | Case report | Passage of the impacted food bolus | Successfully passed | Patient given barium before the effervescent agent |
Carbex ( = sodium bicarbonate, simethicone and citric acid) | Complications | No complications | Buscopan given to the patient 24 hours earlier with no success |