Baseline characteristic of NHAP patients (n=767)
| Age | 83.4±9.0 |
| Age≥65 years | 743 (96.9) |
| Age≥80 years | 540 (70.4) |
| Male | 350 (45.6) |
| Coexisting illness | 644 (84%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 119 (15.5) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 250 (32.6) |
| Renal disease | 46 (6.0) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 119 (15.5) |
| Old pulmonary tuberculosis | 54 (7.0) |
| Clinical parameters | |
| Pulse rate ≥125/min | 89 (11.6) |
| Systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg | 7 (0.9) |
| Diastolic blood pressure ≤ 60 mm Hg | 150 (19.6) |
| Temperature <35°C or ≥40°C | 17 (2.2) |
| Respiratory rate ≥30/min | 159 (20.7) |
| Confusion (GCS<15) | 256 (33.4) |
| Sao2 <90% on pulse oximetry | 85 (11.1) |
| Laboratory results | |
| Sodium level <130(mmol/l) | 69 (9.0) |
| Urea>7 mmol/l | 394 (51.4) |
| Urea>11 mmol/l | 160 (20.9) |
| Glucose level ≥14(mmol/l) | 27 (3.5) |
| Arterial pH <7.35 | 52 (6.8) |
| Haematocrit <30% | 193 (25.2) |
| White cell count <4000 cells/mm3 | 22 (2.9) |
| Platelet count <100000 cells/mm3 | 22 (2.9) |
| Radiographic features | |
| Bilateral lung involvement | 158 (20.6) |
| Multiple (>2) zones involvement | 117 (15.3) |
| Pleural effusion | 48 (6.3) |
| Outcome measure | |
| 30-day mortality | 95 (12.4) |
| Hospital LOS (days) | 8.5±6.4 |
| Endotracheal intubation with ICU admission | 5 (0.7) |
| Non-invasive mechanical ventilation | 89 (11.6) |
| Severe pneumonia (died within 30 day and/or ICU admission) | 98 (12.8) |
Data are given as mean±SD or number (%).
GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; NHAP, nursing home-acquired pneumonia.