Study | Study type | Population: age (mean in years, unless stated); number (%) Male | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria* | Time from symptoms (hours) | Number of patients |
Body 201112 | Single-centre, UK | 59; 430 (61%) Male | Suspected cardiac chest pain within 24 h | Chest trauma, renal failure, hospital admission, pregnancy | 3.5 (Median) | 705 |
Cete 201013 | Single centre, Turkey | 57; 163 (73%) Male | Age >18 years with typical chest pain | Atypical chest pain, trauma, electrical cardioversion, musculoskeletal disease, renal failure, liver disease | Not reported | 224 |
Charpentier 201014 | Single-centre, France | 57; 454 (67%) Male | Chest pain due to suspected ACS within 12 h | ST elevation, traumatic cause, renal impairment | 2.9 (Median) | 677 |
Di Serio 200515 | Single centre, Italy | 79 (women), 65 (men); 23 (77%) Male | Not specified | ST elevation | 3.4 (Mean) | 30 |
Ecollan 200716 | Mobile units, France | 68; 68 (63%) Male | Consecutive emergencies with chest pain | Cardiogenic shock, recent chest trauma | 2.3 (Median) | 108 |
Garcia-Valdecasas 201117 | Single-centre, France | 67; 114 (69%) Male | Chest pain >20 min duration within 6 h | Chest trauma | Not reported | 165 |
Haltern 201018 | Single-centre, Germany | 69; 27 (55%) Male | Ischaemic-type chest pain | Interhospital transfer | 4 (Median) | 94 |
Hjortshoj 201019 | Single centre, UK | 61 (Median); 70 (65%) Male | Chest pain and suspected of ACS | None reported | Not reported | 107 |
Ilva 200920 | Single-centre, Finland | 67; 181 (62%) Male | Chest pain suggesting MI | Uncertain or >24 h delay from symptom onset | 4.7 (Median) | 293 |
Lefevre 200721 | Multi-centre, France | 61; 71 (71%) Male | Not specified | None reported | 5.9 (Median) | 75 |
Li 201022 | Multi-centre, China | 64; 163 (72%) Male | Chest pain more than 30 min within 12 h suspected of AMI | None reported | 4 (Median) | 227 |
Liao, 200923 | Single centre, China | 69; 54 (73%) Male | Acute chest pain and/or dyspnoea lasting >20 min within the last 3 h | None reported | 2.2 (Median) | 74 |
Mad 200724 | Single centre, Austria | 58; 213 (76%) Male | Onset of acute chest pain and/or dyspnoea lasting >20 min within the last 24 h | None reported | 3 (Median) | 280 |
McCann 200825 | Multi centre, Northern Ireland | 63; 281 (68%) Male | Ischaemic type chest pain within 24 h | Interhospital transfer | 5.3 (Median) | 415 |
Mion 200726 | Single centre, Italy | 63; 88 (67%) Males | Non-consecutive patients with chest pain | None reported | 3.8 (Median) | 132 |
Naroo 200927 | Single centre, UAE | Age not reported, 627 (79%) male | Onset of typical cardiac pain 20 min to 12 h | ST elevation MI, renal disease | Not reported | 791 |
Valle 200728 | Multi-centre, Spain | 65; 287 (68%) Male | Suspected ACS with symptoms between 20 min and 180 min of presentation | None reported | 1.2 (Mean) | 419 |
↵* Except adult age group and administrative exclusions.
ACS, acute coronary syndrome; MI, myocardial infarction; AMI, acute myocardial infarction.