General characteristics per observed hand hygiene indication, overall and by country
| N=1344 | Overall | Finland | Sweden | Denmark | Australia | P value |
| n (%) | ||||||
| Provider level | ||||||
| Basic care | 349 (26) | 39 (16) | 174 (42) | 136 (32) | 0 | 0.000 |
| Advanced care | 995 (74) | 198 (84) | 244 (58) | 289 (68) | 264 (100) | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 852 (63) | 149 (63) | 195 (47) | 405 (95) | 103 (39) | 0.000 |
| Female | 492 (37) | 88 (37) | 223 (53) | 20 (5) | 161 (61) | |
| Hand hygiene indications | ||||||
| Before patient | 513 (38) | 77 (32) | 156 (37) | 182 (43) | 98 (37) | 0.002 |
| Before clean/aseptic | 158 (12) | 43 (18) | 53 (13) | 27 (6) | 35 (13) | |
| After body fluids | 119 (9) | 23 (10) | 41 (10) | 31 (7) | 24 (9) | |
| After patient | 482 (36) | 76 (32) | 148 (35) | 165 (39) | 93 (35) | |
| After surroundings | 72 (5) | 18 (8) | 20 (5) | 20 (5) | 14 (6) | |