Patient characteristics according to the location of TXA administration
| All patients | PreH TXA | InH TXA | P value | ||
| Number of patients | 661 | 358 | 303 | ||
| Demographics and injuries | |||||
| Age, years | median (IQR) | 35 (23−52) | 35 (23−51) | 35 (23−54) | 0.606 |
| Gender, males | n (%) | 551 (83.4) | 291 (81.3) | 260 (85.8) | 0.12 |
| Blunt injuries1 | n (%) | 440 (67.1) | 245 (68.8) | 195 (−65) | 0.300 |
| Mechanism of injury | n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| RTC | 306 (46.3) | 191 (53.4) | 115 (38) | ||
| Stabbing | 206 (31.2) | 105 (29.3) | 101 (33.3) | ||
| Fall>2 m | 77 (11.6) | 34 (9.5) | 43 (14.2) | ||
| Fall<2 m | 37 (5.6) | 10 (2.8) | 27 (8.9) | ||
| Blows | 13 (2) | 5 (1.4) | 8 (2.6) | ||
| GSW | 10 (1.5) | 6 (1.7) | 4 (1.3) | ||
| Crush | 7 (1.1) | 5 (1.4) | 2 (0.7) | ||
| Other/Unknown | 5 (0.7) | 2 (0.5) | 3 (1) | ||
| Crew to ED2 | n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Doctor | 307 (47.3) | 213 (60.5) | 94 (31.6) | ||
| Paramedic | 341 (52.5) | 139 (39.5) | 202 (68) | ||
| Private vehicle | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | ||
| Transfusion requirements3 | |||||
| Transfused within 24 hours | n (%) | 262 (67.2) | 124 (68.5) | 138 (66.0) | 0.603 |
| PRBCs within 24 hours, units | median (IQR) | 2 (0–6) | 3 (0–7) | 2 (0–5) | 0.016 |
| Outcomes | |||||
| In-hospital mortality4 | n (%) | 85 (12.9) | 43 (12.0) | 42 (14.0) | 0.459 |
Missing data: 1five missing cases; 212 missing cases; 3271 missing cases; 4two missing cases.
Comparisons are made between PreH TXA and InH TXA, with merging ‘Blows’, ‘GSW’, ‘Crush’ and ‘Other/Unknown’, and excluding ‘Private vehicle’ to respect χ2 assumptions.
ED, emergency department; GSW, gun-shot wound; InH, in-hospital; PRBCs, packed red blood cells.; PreH, pre-hospital; RTC, road traffic collision; TXA, tranexamic acid.