Demographic characteristics and descriptive outcomes for all cases per year
| Baseline | ECH year 1 | ECH year 2 | P value | |
| Number of index admissions | 18 586 | 16 126 | 17 727 | |
| Male (%) | 7856 (42.3) | 7060 (43.8) | 7690 (43.4) | 0.012 |
| Age, mean years (SD) | 67.0 (20.2) | 67.9 (19.3) | 68.3 (19.1) | <0.001 |
| Age, median years (IQR) | 72 (53–83) | 72 (56–83) | 73 (56–83) | <0.001 |
| CCI, mean (SD) | 1.54 (2.12) | 1.66 (2.19) | 1.74 (2.24) | <0.001 |
| IMDS, mean (SD) | 24.7 (15.3) | 24.2 (15.1) | 24.0 (15.0) | <0.001 |
| Day 60 deaths (%) | 1729 (9.3) | 1488 (9.2) | 1574 (8.9) | 0.334 |
| Inpatient deaths (%) | 931 (5.0) | 831 (5.1) | 854 (4.8) | 0.362 |
| Postdischarge deaths (%) | 798 (4.3) | 657 (4.1) | 720 (4.1) | 0.454 |
| Inpatient days, mean (SD) | 6.2 (13.8) | 6.8 (15.5) | 5.8 (12.3) | <0.001 |
| Inpatient days, median (IQR) | 1 (0–6) | 1 (0–6) | 1 (0–6) | <0.001 |
| Readmissions (% discharged alive) | 3752 (21.3) | 3001 (19.6) | 3177 (18.8) | <0.001 |
P values represent the trend across all 3 years (χ2 for categorical and Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables).
CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index;ECH, emergency care hospital; IMDS, Index of Multiple Deprivation Score.