Table 2

Escalation status

CharacteristicSurvivor,
N=148
Non-survivor/ITU/NIV, N=39
For full escalation to ITU including intubation and ventilation104 (83)18 (55)
Not for invasive ventilation (intubation and ventilation) but would be for NIV or CPAP on ward.8 (6.3)11 (33)
Not for ITU or for NIV/CPAP14 (11)3 (9.1)
For palliative treatments only0 (0)1 (3.0)
Unknown226
  • Statistics presented: n (%).

  • CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; ITU, Intensive Care admission; NIV, non-invasive ventilation.