Effective components of interventions
| Fan et al 24 | Hughes et al 25 | Sinha et al 26 |
| Multidisciplinary team and gerontological expertise | Interprofessional and capacity building work practices | |
| Integrated social and medical care | Multi strategy interventions | |
| Risk screening and geriatric assessment | High-risk screening. Focused geriatric assessment | Assessment |
| Care planning and management | Case management | |
| Discharge planning and referral coordination | Initiation of care and disposition planning in the ED | ‘Bridge’ interventions (contact before and after discharge) |
| Follow-up and regular group visits | Post-ED discharge follow-up with patients | Referral plus follow-up |
| Evidence-based practice model | Establishment of evaluation and monitoring processes | |
| Nursing clinical delivery involvement or leadership |
ED, emergency department.