Comparison of patient/injury characteristics between the lockdown and control period (from 13 March to 19 April)
| Control period (2019) | Lockdown period (2020) | P value* | |
| Total number, estimates (actual cases; 95% CI) | 1 392 996 (38 064; 1 139 921 to 1 646 071) | 786 040 (22 458; 635 231 to 936 849) | <0.001 |
| Incidence per 1000 US population† (95% CI) | |||
| Infants/toddlers (0–2 years) | 2.9 (1.9 to 3.8) | 1.8 (1.3 to 2.4) | <0.001 |
| Preschoolers (3–6 years) | 5.5 (3.7 to 7.2) | 3.5 (2.4 to 4.6) | <0.001 |
| School-age (7–18 years) | 5.9 (4.4 to 7.5) | 1.9 (1.4 to 2.4) | <0.001 |
| Young adults (19–39 years) | 3.2 (2.7 to 3.6) | 1.8 (1.5 to 2.1) | <0.001 |
| Middle-aged adults (40–59 years) | 2.9 (2.5 to 3.3) | 1.8 (1.5 to 2.1) | <0.001 |
| Old adults (≥60 years) | 5.9 (4.5 to 7.3) | 3.8 (2.8 to 4.8) | <0.001 |
| Age, mean (95% CI) | 46.6 (45 to 48.1) | 51.5 (49.7 to 53.2) | <0.001 |
| Sex, n (95% CI; %) | 0.02 | ||
| Female | 665 776 (545 964 to 785 588; 47.8) | 361 894 (287 289 to 436 498; 46) | |
| Male | 727 203 (591 920 to 862 487; 52.2) | 424 146 (346 595 to 501 697; 54) | |
| Race, n (95% CI; %) | 0.16 | ||
| White | 675 414 (530 736 to 820 092; 48.5) | 407 731 (318 421 to 497 040; 51.9) | |
| Black | 173 348 (109 322 to 237 375; 12.4) | 90 832 (60 354 to 121 309; 11.6) | |
| Asian | 10 810 (6119 to 15 500; 0.8) | 7546 (4724 to 10 368; 1) | |
| American Indian | 5295 (1333 to 9256; 0.4) | 4128 (1663 to 6593; 0.5) | |
| Unknown/Other | 528 129 (237 821 to 818 437; 37.9) | 275 804 (112 650 to 438 958; 35.1) | |
| Body part, n (95% CI; %) | <0.001 | ||
| Head and neck | 419 179 (324 784 to 513 575; 30.1) | 237 822 (185 217 to 290 426; 30.3) | |
| Torso | 226 679 (181 919 to 271 439; 16.3) | 129 773 (101 155 to 158 390; 16.5) | |
| Upper extremities | 377 277 (314 588 to 439 966; 27.1) | 222 239 (182 450 to 262 028; 28.3) | |
| Lower extremities | 307 498 (254 312 to 360 684; 22.1) | 145 031 (117 493 to 172 569; 18.5) | |
| Internal | 9219 (5961 to 12 476; 0.7) | 7918 (5444 to 10 392; 1) | |
| Unknown/Other | 53 144 (42 950 to 63 338; 3.8) | 43 257 (33 640 to 52 875; 5.5) | |
| Diagnosis, n (95% CI; %) | <0.001 | ||
| Laceration | 223 124 (177 331 to 268 917; 16) | 161 391 (129 616 to 193 167; 20.5) | |
| Fracture | 213 841 (170 999 to 256 684; 15.4) | 147 451 (112 099 to 182 803; 18.8) | |
| Dislocation | 196 594 (159 077 to 234 112; 14.1) | 78 807 (61 626 to 95 987; 10) | |
| Contusion/Abrasion | 186 583 (148 927 to 224 239; 13.4) | 83 941 (66 497 to 101 385; 10.7) | |
| Internal injury | 147 300 (102 009 to 192 591; 10.6) | 85 455 (60 589 to 110 322; 10.9) | |
| Concussion | 23 676 (18 710 to 28 642; 1.7) | 8426 (5933 to 10 919; 1.1) | |
| Burn | 18 855 (14 743 to 22 967; 1.4) | 14 039 (10 514 to 17 563; 1.8) | |
| Other | 383 022 (322 242 to 443 803; 27.5) | 206 530 (171 294 to 241 765; 26.3) | |
| Location, n (95% CI; %) | |||
| Home | 653 764 (523 211 to 784 318; 46.9) | 463 934 (356 102 to 571 766; 59) | |
| Public | 157 044 (122 117 to 191 971; 11.3) | 83 935 (62 487 to 105 384; 10.7) | |
| Sports | 170 125 (125 953 to 214 297; 12.2) | 34 737 (23 477 to 45 996; 4.4) | |
| School | 69 983 (49 042 to 90 925; 5) | 2903 (1887 to 3918; 0.4) | |
| Unknown/Other | 342 079 (243 423 to 440 735; 24.6) | 200 532 (149 739 to 251 324; 25.5) | |
| Disposition, n (95% CI; %) | <0.001 | ||
| Treated/examined and released | 1 210 625 (987 825 to 1 433 426; 86.9) | 649 322 (524 009 to 774 634; 82.6) | |
| Hospitalised | 160 739 (127 757 to 193 722; 11.5) | 130 839 (101 609 to 160 070; 16.6) | |
| Left without being seen | 20 950 (13 000 to 28 901; 1.5) | 5036 (3230 to 6842; 0.6) | |
| Died in ED | 681 (200 to 1161; 0) | 843 (374 to 1312; 0.1) | |
Values may not add due to rounding.
*Determined using t-test and Pearson’s χ2 test. Statistically significant p values are shown in bold.
†Data from the US Bureau of the Census were used to calculate incidences.