Table 1

Studies included in the systematic review

InterventionStudyLocationNStudy design
Clinical decision rules (Canadian clinical decision rules 1, 2, 3; Ottawa SAH Rule)Bellolio et al 13 USA454Retrospective cohort
Cheung et al 14 Hong Kong500Retrospective cohort
Chu et al 15 Australia137Retrospective cohort (substudy of a prospective cohort)
Kelly et al 16 Australia59Retrospective cohort
MacDonald et al 17 UK280Retrospective cohort
Matloob et al 18 UK112Retrospective cohort
Pathan et al 19 UK145Retrospective cohort
Perry et al 20 Canada1999Prospective cohort
Perry et al 21 Canada2131Prospective cohort
Perry et al 22 Canada1153; overlap with Perry et al 23 Prospective cohort
Perry et al 23 Canada3672Prospective before/after
Wu et al 24 Taiwan913Retrospective cohort
Yiangou et al 25 UK162Retrospective cohort
CT–LP pathwayBlok et al 26 The Netherlands760Retrospective cohort
Cooper et al 7 UK517Retrospective cohort
Dutto et al 27 Italy70Before/After
Perry et al 28 Canada891Retrospective cohort
Perry et al 29 Canada592Prospective cohort
Valle Alonso et al 30 Spain74Retrospective cohort
CTAustin et al 31 UK250Retrospective cohort
Backes et al 32 The Netherlands250Retrospective cohort
Blok et al 26 The Netherlands760Retrospective cohort
Cooper et al 7 UK517Retrospective cohort
Khan et al 33 Canada2412; overlap with Perry et al 12 Prospective cohort (secondary analysis)
Perry et al 20 Canada1999; overlap with Perry et al 12 Prospective cohort
Perry et al 12 Canada3132Prospective cohort
Perry et al 23 Canada1204 had CT <6 hoursProspective before/after
Valle Alonso et al 30 Spain85Retrospective cohort
LPBrunell et al 34 Sweden453Retrospective cohort
Cooper et al 7 UK309 had LPRetrospective cohort
Dupont et al 35 USA117 had LPRetrospective cohort
Gangloff et al 36 Canada706Retrospective cohort
Heiser et al 37 USA676Retrospective cohort
Horstman et al 38 The Netherlands30Retrospective cohort
Migdal et al 39 USA245Retrospective cohort
Perry et al 40 Canada220Prospective cohort (substudy)
Perry et al 41 Canada1739Prospective cohort (substudy)
Sansom et al 42 UK60Retrospective cohort
Valle Alonso et al 30 Spain74 had LPRetrospective cohort
CTAAlons et al 44 The Netherlands70Retrospective cohort
Alons et al 45 The Netherlands88Retrospective cohort and meta-analysis
History and examinationLocker et al 2 UK353Retrospective cohort
Perry et al 46 Canada747Prospective cohort
Backes et al 47 The Netherlands247Retrospective cohort

  • CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CTA, CT angiography; LP, lumbar puncture; SAH, subarachnoid haemorrhage.