Table 5

Triage tool diagnostic accuracy statistics (95% CI) for predicting ICU admission (entire study period)

ToolN*C-statisticThresholdN (%) above thresholdSensitivitySpecificityPPVNPV
CRB-65432 5800.57 (0.57, 0.58)>0102 964 (23.8%)0.38 (0.36, 0.40)0.76 (0.76, 0.76)0.008 (0.007, 0.009)0.996 (0.996 0.996)
NEWS2433 0790.72 (0.70, 0.73)>1258 643 (59.7)0.85 (0.83, 0.86)0.40 (0.40, 0.41)0.007 (0.007, 0.007)0.993 (0.993, 0.993)
PMEWS438 8060.71 (0.70, 0.72)>2202 335 (46.1%)0.76 (0.75, 0.78)0.54 (0.54, 0.54)0.008 (0.008, 0.009)0.998 (0.997, 0.998)
PRIEST438 8760.71 (0.70, 0.71)>4163 649 (37.3%)0.67 (0.65, 0.690.63 (0.63, 0.63)0.009 (0.008, 0.009)0.997 (0.997, 0.998)
WHO437 8500.63 (0.61, 0.64)>0253 355 (57.9%)0.77 (0.75, 0.79)0.42 (0.42, 0.42)0.007 (0.006, 0.007)0.997 (0.997, 0.998)
TEWS432 6060.66 (0.65, 0.67)>2237 482 (54.9%)0.75 (0.73, 0.77)0.45 (0.45, 0.45)0.007 (0.006, 0.007)0.997 (0.997, 0.997)
Quick COVID446 0840.66 (0.65, 0.66)>336 634 (8.2%)0.30 (0.28, 0.32)0.92 (0.92, 0.92)0.02 (0.02, 0.02)0.996 (0.996, 0.996)
  • *Patients with <3 parameters were excluded from analysis when estimating performance.

  • CRB-65, Confusion Respiratory Rate Blood Pressure Age≥65; ICU, intensive care unit; NEWS2, National Early Warning Score, version 2 ; PMEWS, Pandemic Medical Early Warning Score ; PRIEST, Pandemic Respiratory Infection Emergency System Triage; TEWS, Triage Early Warning Score.