Unexpected nerve gas exposure in the city of Matsumoto: Report of rescue activity in the first sarin gas terrorism
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Cited by (85)
Acute and long-term effects of VX in rat brain cell aggregate culture
2022, Toxicology in VitroCitation Excerpt :More recently, in 2013 the Syrian military used sarin in gas attacks against its civilians with similar consequences (John et al., 2018; Pita and Domingo, 2014; Rodriguez-Llanes et al., 2018; Rosman et al., 2014; Üzümcü, 2014). The use of these agents has also expanded to include terrorist attacks on civilians, with the Japanese cult Aum Shinryko exposing hundreds of individuals to sarin during attacks in the Tokyo subway (Masuda et al., 1995; Nagao et al., 1997; Nozaki et al., 1995b; Suzuki et al., 1995) and in Matsumoto (Morita et al., 1995; Okudera et al., 1997; Suzuki et al., 1997). The extremely toxic VX was also used by this same group in 1994 and 1995 to assassinate dissenting members (Nozaki et al., 1995a), and most recently the half-brother of North Korea's leader Kim Jong-Un was allegedly assassinated using VX at the Kuala Lumpur airport (Chai et al., 2017).
Efficacy of atropine and scopolamine on airway contractions following exposure to the nerve agent VX
2021, Toxicology and Applied PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :Several CWNAs are readily vaporized or aerosolized with a primary portal of entry into the body via the respiratory system (Moretto, 1998). The clinical manifestations and evaluation of the medical management of casualties following CWNA intoxication through the respiratory route in humans have been reported from incidents in Japan during the 1990s and the mass casualties in Syria (Dolgin, 2013; Okudera et al., 1997; Okumura et al., 1996; Rosman et al., 2014; Smith and Skelton, 2003). The respiratory effects and pharmacological interventions following inhalation exposure to CWNAs are, however, generally examined in experimental animal models (Albuquerque et al., 2006; Nambiar et al., 2007; Perkins et al., 2012; Sciuto and Peng, 2018; Wong et al., 2013).
Prophylactic and therapeutic measures in nerve agents poisonings
2020, Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare AgentsChemical Agents in Disaster: Care and Management in the Intensive Care Unit
2019, Critical Care Clinics