Clinical decision rules discriminate between fractures and nonfractures in acute isolated knee trauma

Ann Emerg Med. 1995 Oct;26(4):429-33. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(95)70109-5.

Abstract

Study objective: To develop criteria that optimize clinical decisionmaking in the use of radiography after isolated knee trauma in adults.

Design: A prospective survey of emergency department patients over a 7-month period. Standardized data forms were completed by emergency physicians, residents, and certified physician assistants.

Setting: A large suburban community teaching hospital.

Participants: Two hundred forty-two patients older than 17 years with isolated knee injuries sustained less than 24 hours previously.

Results: We constructed a clinical decision model, calculating sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratios. Twenty-eight patients (11.6%) had fractures, with the patella the most commonly fractured osseous structure. Patients able to walk without limping had not experienced a fracture, nor had patients with twist injuries without effusion. Sensitivity of this model for detecting fracture was 1.0 (99% confidence interval, .97 to 1.0), and specificity was .337 (99% confidence interval, .26 to .42).

Conclusion: Clinical decision rules are effective in detecting knee fractures with 100% sensitivity and with sufficient specificity to eliminate 29% of knee radiographs in the ED. These findings require prospective validation.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Decision Support Techniques*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Emergencies
  • Female
  • Fractures, Bone / diagnostic imaging*
  • Humans
  • Knee Injuries / diagnostic imaging*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiography
  • Sensitivity and Specificity